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Egypt could be the latest addition to the Mecca defense pact

Aug 10, 2026, 9:00am EDT
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Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan, Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, and Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif pose after signing a joint defence agreement in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, August 7, 2026
Saudi Press Agency/Handout via Reuters

Türkiye said a mutual defense pact with Saudi Arabia and Pakistan could be expanded to include Egypt. Several countries want to join the trilateral agreement signed in Mecca on Friday, Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan told the state-run Anadolu Agency, saying only technical matters stood in the way of them signing up.

The so-called Mecca pact, which was formed against the backdrop of the war in Iran, commits members to jointly retaliate against attacks on any of them in the style of NATO’s Article 5. Egypt would bring one of the region’s largest militaries. Pakistan’s involvement also signals ambitions beyond the Middle East: Islamabad’s foreign minister said the accord is open to any regional state willing to uphold its principles.

Chart depicting the number of military personnel by country, 2025
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